Carbureting-lamp



' v 2 Shets-Sheet 1- A. RANSOM.

GARBURETING LAMP.

(No Model.)

No. 360,915. Patented Apr. 12 1887.

Will-$71 935 e3.

7 his fliiorn eya.

(No Model.) I I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

v N. A. RANSOM.

GARBURETING LAMP.

Patented Apr. 12,1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NEWMAN A. RANSOM,

OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CARBURETlNG-LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 360,915, dated April12, 1887.

Application filed May 14, 1886.

Serial No. 202,180. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, NEWMAN A. RANSOM, of Chicago, in thecounty of Cookand State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in OarburetingLamps; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon.

'This invention relates to that class of gas burners or fixtures whereinprovision is made for enriching ordinary illuminating-gas during itspassage to the burners by the addition or admixture therewith ofhydrocarbon vapors, produced by first heating the gas and then passingthe latter into a chamber containing the hydrocarbon, whereby the latteris heated, and the vapor generated, mingling with the gas in thegenerator or carburetingchamber, is enriched and passes out to theburners; and the said invention. consists, primarily, in the combinationand arrangement of devices for regulating the temperature of the heatedgas, in the arrangement of burners for acting upon the gas-heater,.andin the several minor features of construction, as hereinafter more fullydescribed and pointed out. I

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of, myimproved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 3 isatop plan view with gas-heater removed; and Fig. 4 is a top view of thegas-heaterwith a portion thereof broken away to show the interior.

Similar letters of reference in the several figures indicate the sameparts.

The letter A designates the gasheater; B, the carbureting-chamber; O,the connection between the gas-heater and carburetor, and provided withthe burners c.

The connection 0 consists, essentially, of an outer tube, 0', closed atthe upper end, and an inner or gas tube, 0 passing through the formerand open at both ends. The tube 0' is preferably castor otherwise formedin a single piece, with two collars, 0 0 a screw-threaded end, 0*, forattachment to the carburetor, and a threaded end or socket, c", forattachment to the gas-heater. The inner or gas tube, 0 is 7 threadedinto the upper end of the tube 0, as shown, to prevent the gas asdelivered from the heater from entering the inner tube until after ithas passed through the latter and been delivered into the carburetor,from which latter it flows upward into the lower open end of the outertube, and is delivered to the series of burners D and D, secured to thecollars 0" c, and arranged as hereinafter explained.

The gas-heater A consists, essentially, of a hollow and preferablyflattened chamber of :metal or other non-combustible material secured tothe upper end of the connection 0, and formed or provided with adivision-plate or diaphragm, A, containing a series of holes oropenings, at, at or near the periphery, and a larger opening or passage,to, located more nearly in line with the passage in the connection 0 andthe passage of in the connection a for attachment to the gas-pipe.

The opening or passage to is controlled by a valve-as, for example, theplate A and handle or lever a, connected to the valve-spindle a andarranged to be operated from the exterior of the heater. Thecarbnreting-chamber B is a hollow vessel, preferably of metal or othersuitable noncombustible material, provided with a single opening, I),through which the hydrocarbon is charged, and which serves also forattachmcnt to the lower end of the outer tube, 0, of connection 0.

The form of hydrocarbon preferably employed is what is known asnaphthaline, a solid hydrocarbon, and in order to avoid the expenseincident to molding the same into sticks or blocks, as is usual, and tofacilitate the charging of the carbureting'chamber, the latter is formedwith a flaring mouth or flange,

socket which receives the end of the connection 0, whereby when thecarburetor is removed it can be readily charged with the naphthaline orother solid hydrocarbon in the form of a powder.

The operation of my improved apparatus is as follows: The parts beingconstructed and assembled together in the manner shown and described andthe carbureting-chamber charged with a proper quantity of hydrocarbon,the apparatus is attached to the gas-sup- B, attached to or forming apart of the threaded ply pipe, the gas admitted, and lighted at theburners located beneath the heater. The heat from the flames, strikingthe heater, raises its temperature to a comparatively high degree, andin a like degree elevates the temperature of the gas, which in itspassage to the burn ers is compelled to traverse the heater. As isobvious, the longer the gas is retained in contact with the walls of theheater the higher will be its temperature when it reaches thecarburetor, and, unless some means are pro vided for regulating thetemperature of the heater or the extent and duration of the contact ofthe gas with the walls of the heater, the temperature of the gas asdelivered to the carbnretor will be practically the same under allconditions.

It is found in practice that for various reasons it becomes desirable toetiect the regulation of the temperature of the gas as delivered to thecarburetor, not only to preserve the uniform quality of gas and flame,but also to vary thetempcrature of the hydrocarbon contained in thecarburetor and which is volatilized by the heated gas directed thereon.It is with these objects in view that the valve is arranged in thediaphragm, whereby more or less of the gas can be admitted to the tubecommunicating with the carburetor, and more or less can be diverted andcaused to flow across the diaphragm and through the openings near. theperiphery thereof, thereby exposing the gas so diverted and in acomparatively thin body to the extended surface of the heater, wherebyits temperature is greatly elevated. By this means I am enabled toregulate the temperature of the gas during its passage to thecarburetor, into which latter all the gas passes before reaching theburners, whereby not only is the temperature of the hydrocarboncontained in the carburetor regulated, but all the gas passing throughto the burners is carried into the carburetor and mingled with thehydrocarbon vapor generated therein before passing to the burner.

The pipes carrying the upper series of burners, D, are located a shortdistance below the gas-heater, while the burners are carried beyond theperiphery of the latter. These burners are mainly relied upon forillumination, while the second series, D, of burners are located beneaththe first series and stand Vertically beneath the heater. Thisarrangement of illuminating and heating burners is designed to overcomecertain defects existing in prior constructions. If but a single seriesof burners are employed both for heating and illumination, a current ofrelatively cool air is directed against the tubes carrying such burners,caused by the ascending gases above,which tends to reduce thetemperature of said tubes. Inasmuch as the hydrocarbon vapors generatedin the carburetor, unless retained at a higher temperature, willcondense and be deposited in a semi-liquid or solid form, this coolingaction of the air upon the burnertubes operates to effect the cloggingor stoppage of the passages in said tubes.

By my improved construction the. tubes carrying the illuminating-burnersare located at a short distance from the lower surface of the heater,and the heating-burners are located below said first-named tubes, sothat not only is the gas-heater subjected to the direct action of thelower series of flames, but the tubes of the upper series are alsomaintained ata higher temperature, being subjected to both the directand. reflected heat-rays, whereby the condensation of the vapor isprevented and the gases are delivered to the burners in a highlyhcatedand expanded condition, producing a clear, white, and brilliant flame.The horn ers of the upper series are arranged in pairs, as shown, andthose of the lower series are arranged so that their flames, instead ofimpinging against the tubes of the upper series, will occupy the spacesbetween the successive pairs of burners.

Although I have shown and described. the gas-heater in the form ofachamber with diaphragm perforated at or near the periphery and providedwith a central valve opening, it is obvious that other and well-knownforms of heaters may be employed in connection with a regulatingvalve,as described, in carrying out my invention. Thus, for example, the diaphragm may be made slightly less in diameter than the interior of thechamber and supported upon or between the walls of the chamber, the

main point/of this part of the invention in cluding, broadly, anygas-heating chamber or receptacle located in relation to the carburetoras described, and divided into two or more compartments, with two ormore passages for establishing communication between said chambers, oneof said passages serving as a direct conduit, being provided with aregulating-valve of any suitable construction to permit more or less ofgas to pass directly into the carburetor, while the other passage orpassages are more remote from the inlet or exit, or both, whereby thegas in its passage is compelled to circulate through the heater and isbrought into contact with the extended heating-surface, as hereinbeforedescribed.

Having thus described my invention, Iclaim as new- 1. In a carburetingapparatus such as described, wherein the gas is passed through theheater and into the carbureting-chamber beforereaching the burners, andin combination with the heater, carburetor, and connectingpassages, avalve controlling the passage of gas through the heater, as and for thepurpose set forth.

2. In combination with the carburetingchamber and the gassupply tubecommunicating therewith, a. hollow gas-heater connected to saidsupply-tube and provided with a division-plate or diaphragm intermediatethe said supply tube and the passage through which gas is delivered tosaid heater,and with passages for the escape of gas from one compartmentor chamberinsaid heater to the other, and a valve controlling a largerand more direct passage communicating with the supplytube, whereby moreor less of the gas in its passage through the heater to the carburetormay be diverted against the Walls of the heater, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a carbureting gas-burner such as described, and in combinationwith the gas-heater thereof,provided with a perforated partition ordiaphragm, the valve located in said partition for controlling the flowof gas through the heater and diverting more orless of the gas in itspassage through the heater against the walls of the latter,substantially as described.

4. In a carbureting gas burner or fixture such as described, thecombination of the gasheater, its diaphragm perforated at or near theedges, and a central passage controlled by the valve, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a carbureting gas burner or fixture such as described, thecombination of the gasheater,its perforated diaphragm,and the valvecontrolling the central passage therein with the connection '0, havingthe outer tube closed at the top and provided with burners at the sidesand the inner tube communicating with the gas-heater, and acarbureting-chamber applied to the end of the outer tube, substantiallyas described.

6. In a carburetiug burner such as described, and in combination withthe gas-heater, carbureting'chamber, and intermediate connection, theseries of burner-tubes located beneath and extended beyond the peripheryof the gasheater and the second series of heating burners locatedbeneath the heater and the first series of burner-tubes, whereby thelatter as well as the heater are maintained at an elevated temperature,substantially as described.

7. In a carbureting apparatus such as described, and in combination withthe carbureting-chamber and the burner-tubes communicating therewith, agas -heater communicating with the supply-pipe and carburetingchamber,provided with means, substantially such as described, for regulating thetemperature of the gas as delivered to the carburetor, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

NEWMAN A. RANSOM. \Vitnesses:

E. A. GHERITREE, A. T. SMITH.

